Based on the frequency and time of blinking, the recovery status of the patients can be evaluated 4.Ĭonscious blinking is also a promising research field of interest. Blinking is also related to the rehabilitation of Bell’s palsy patients. Therefore, monitoring a reader’s eye-blinking activity can determine whether the reader is in a state of focused reading. During focused reading, blinking usually occurs at the end of each sentence. Monitoring the eye-blinking activity of drivers in real time can detect whether a driver is in a fatigued driving state, thereby avoiding the occurrence of traffic accidents 3. For example, tired driving is one of the main factors of traffic accidents. For example, when a person is tired, the rate of blinking increases from an average of one blink every 2–6 s to an average of 1–2 blinks per second, and the time of closing the eyes changes from 0.2 s under normal conditions to more than 0.8 s. The frequency and duration of unconscious blinks are closely related to our psychological and physiological activities 2. Eye-blinking behavior can be classified into unconscious blinking and conscious blinking. A person usually blinks 15–20 times per minute on average, approximately 10,000 times per day 1. The proposed solution paves the way for ultrasound-based wearable eye-blinking monitoring and offers miniaturization, light weight, low power consumption, high informational security and biosafety.Įye-blinking is one of the most natural and frequent human activities. Finally, real-time eye-blinking monitoring was successfully demonstrated with a response time less than 1 ms. Eye-blinking activities were characterized by open and closed eye states and validated by experiments on different volunteers. The size, weight and power consumption of the transducers are 2.5 mm by 2.5 mm, 23.3 mg and 71 μW, respectively, which provides better portability than conventional methods using wearable devices. Low-power pulse-echo ultrasound featuring biosafety is transmitted and received by microelectromechanical system (MEMS) ultrasonic transducers seamlessly integrated on glasses. In this paper, we propose an ultrasound-based portable approach for eye-blinking activity monitoring. However, these methods suffer from uncomfortable use, safety risks, limited reliability in strong light or dark environments, and infringed informational security. Existing blink monitoring methods include video-oculography, electro-oculograms and infrared oculography. It is an effective method of communication among people and can be used in human–machine interactions. Eye blinking is closely related to human physiology and psychology.
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